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Multimedia Conferencing Standard

      H.323 is part of a family of ITU-T recommendations that specify multimedia communications services such as real-time audio, video, and data over a variety of communication services, including multipoint links where multiple users participate in the same exchange (such as a videoconference). The ITU calls H.323 a recommendation for a "visual telephone system" that works over LANs. It does not guarantee high quality of service due to the packet-based, but QoS can be obtained by relying on other means as discussed under "QoS (Quality of Service)."

H.323 is part of the larger set of ITU H.32x recommendations. See "G Series ITU Recommendations" and "H Series ITU Recommendations."

     An important feature of H.323 is that it defines multimedia communications over packet-switched networks, regardless of the underlying physical topology. That includes voice and videoconferencing in point-to-point and multipoint configurations using desktop computers or audiovisual devices. Audio is a required component while video and data are optional. Since packet-switched networks are not good at supporting real-time audio and video, H.323 addresses problems related to packet delay and packet loss on LANs, corporate intranets, and the Internet.

An H.323 environment consists of H.323 terminals, gateways to the public telephone network, gatekeepers (management functions), and multipoint control units as described below and pictured in Figure 1.

Keep in mind that H.323 specifies the protocols that are required to support multimedia functions rather than the design of multimedia devices such as H.323 terminals.

• H.323 terminals These are devices such as desktop PCs with LAN or modem connections that run H.323-compatible software applications.
• H.323 gateways Gateways connect different systems and devices that are not normally interoperable. A H.323 gateway connects IP-based H.323 terminals with the switched telephone network, for example. Gateways perform the appropriate mapping of call signals and control protocols between systems.
• H.323 gatekeepers Gatekeepers are systems that manage a group of H.323 terminals and gateways within a "zone." A zone can be thought of as a management area consisting of terminals, gateways, and MCUs within an organization. There may be multiple zones within an organization. Gatekeepers provide address translation functions between H.323 addresses and IP addresses. They also provide supervisory functions (admitting or rejecting users), bandwidth allocation, and call signaling functions.
• MCU (multipoint control unit) Provides multipoint conferencing support for multiple H.323 terminals. A multipoint conference is one that takes place between three or more terminals. Broadcast conferences are also possible where one terminal transmits to many receiving terminals.

source:  http://www.linktionary.com/h/h323.html

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